Approach to the Respiratory Patient: Differential Diagnoses of Common Presentations (02)

Differential Diagnosis of Hemoptysis Airway Disease     Acute or chronic bronchitis     Bronchiectasis ...

Differential Diagnosis of Hemoptysis

Airway Disease     Acute or chronic bronchitis     Bronchiectasis     Bronchogenic CA     Bronchial carcinoid tumour

Parenchymal Disease     Pneumonia     TB     Lung abscess     Miscellaneous:         Goodpasture’s syndrome         Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

Vascular Disease    PE    Elevated pulmonary venous pressure:         LVF         Mitral stenosis    Vascular malformation

Miscellaneous    Impaired coagulation    Pulmonary endometriosis

Differential Diagnosis of Cough

Airway Irritants                    Inhaled smoke, dusts, fumes        Aspiration                            Gastric contents (GERD)         Oral secretions         Foreign body     Postnasal drip

Airway Disease     URTI including postnasal drip and sinusitis     Acute or chronic bronchitis     Bronchiectasis     Neoplasm     External compression by node or mass lesion     Asthma     COPD

Parenchymal Disease     Pneumonia     Lung abscess     Interstitial lung disease

CHF

Drug-induced (e.g. ACE inhibitor)

 

Differential Diagnosis of Clubbing

Pulmonary CF Pulmonary fibrosis Chronic pus in the lung  (bronchiectasis, abscess, infections, etc.) Lung CA (primary or mets) Mesothelioma A-V fistula

Gastrointestinal IBD (UC, CD) Chronic infections Laxative abuse Polyposis Malignant tumours Cirrhosis HCC

Cardiac Cyanotic congenital heart disease Infective endocarditis

Mediastinal Esophageal CA Thymoma

Other Graves Disease Thalassemia Other malignancies Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

 

Three Signs of Clubbing

1. Profile Angle (ABC >176^o)
2. Hyponychial Angle (ABD >192^o)
3. Phalangeal Depth Ratio (DPD:IPD >1)