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PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC CHOLANGIOGRAPHY/PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC BILIARY DRAINAGE

Rarely done for diagnostic reasons, mostly used for relief of biliary obstruction/palliation where surgery is not possible. Metal stents pre...

Rarely done for diagnostic reasons, mostly used for relief of biliary obstruction/palliation where surgery is not possible. Metal stents preferred if surgery is not planned, otherwise plastic.

•  Complications include sepsis, haemorrhage and death (1%-2%).
•  Sepsis/haemorrhage in 2% post-procedure, death in 1.7%.
•  US-guided puncture of right hepatic ducts via right flank, left-sided ducts via epigastrium