8/1000 live births, can present with heart murmur, heart failure, or cyanosis Increased risk Maternal factors diabetes...
- 8/1000 live births, can present with heart murmur, heart failure, or cyanosis
Increased risk
Maternal factors
- diabetes, phenylketonuria
- medication, alcohol or drug use
- infection (e.g. rubella, CMV)
Infant factors
- prematurity (e.g. PDA)
- chromosomal abnormalities (e.g. Down syndrome)
- positive family history (2-4% risk if sibling affected)
Most common lesion: VSD
congenital heart disease can be categorized as:
L to R shunts:
- VSD
- ASD
- PDA
- endocardial cushion defect
Cyanotic
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA)
Obstructive lesions:
- aortic stenosis
- pulmonic stenosis
- coarctation of aorta
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)
- prophylaxis should be given to all patients with congenital heart disease except those with an isolated secundum ASD, corrected VSD or PDA without residua at greater than 6 months after repair, or mitral valve prolapse without mitral regurgitation
