These account for about a third of soft tissue sarcomas. They arise from the smooth muscles of the blood vessels (more commonly veins) or bo...
These account for about a third of soft tissue sarcomas. They arise from the smooth muscles of the blood vessels (more commonly veins) or bowel and are more common in women. The inferior vena cava (IVC) is most commonly affected.
CT
• May be intra- or extra-luminal (more common), or a combination of either.
• Large, heterogeneous enhancing mass.
• May have a large cystic component—fat and calcification less common.
• Distant metastasis to liver and lung is common with the intravascular type.
• Exclude renal cell carcinoma as the cause of tumour thrombus (appears similar and is much more common).
MRI
• Predominantly high on T2, foci of high T1 due to haemorrhage
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