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INTRODUTION TO OBSTRETRICS

Gravidity : the total number of pregnancies of any gestation includes abortions, ectopic pregnancies, and hydatidiform moles...

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Gravidity

: the total number of pregnancies of any gestation

    • includes abortions, ectopic pregnancies, and hydatidiform moles 
    • twins count as one pregnancy
Parity : the number of pregnancies that have been carried to > 20 weeks

    • twins count as one
    • grand multiparity is parity of 4 or more
four digit number (T P A L)

    • 1st digit: number of term infants delivered (> 37 weeks)
    • 2nd digit: number of premature infants delivered (20 to 37 weeks)
    • 3rd digit: number of abortions (< 20 weeks)
    • 4th digit: number of living children
Trimesters

    • T1: 0 to 12 weeks
    • T2: 12 to 28 weeks
    • T3: 28 to 40 weeks
    • normal pregnancy term: 37 to 42 weeks
Abortion  : loss of intrauterine pregnancy prior to viability of fetus

    • < 20 weeks and/or < 500 g fetal weight
    • ncludes induced (ìtherapeuticî) and spontaneous (ìmiscarriageî)
Stillbirth : loss of intrauterine pregnancy after 20 weeks and/or > 500 g fetal weight

Stillbirth Rate : the annual number of stillbirths per 1000 total births

Perinatal Mortality Rate : the annual number of stillbirths and early neonatal deaths (in the first seven days of life) per 1000 total births

causes
  • prematurity
  • congenital anomalies

Neonatal Mortality Rate : the annual number of deaths of liveborn infants within 28 days per 1000 live births

Infant Mortality Rate the annual number of deaths of liveborn infants in the first year of life per 1000 live births (includes neonatal mortality)

Maternal Mortality Rate the annual number of deaths of women while pregnant or within 90 days of pregnancy per 100 000 live births

direct: from obstetrical causes such as ectopic, PIH, PPH, infection, PE
indirect: from pre-existing illness or by accident

Birth Rate : the annual number of live births per 1000 population

Fertility Rate : the annual number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-44 years

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