Perception hallucination - sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli that is similar in quality to a true perception;...
Perception
- hallucination - sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli that is similar in quality to a true perception; auditory (most common), visual, gustatory, olfactory, tactile
- illusion - misperception of a real external stimulus
- depersonalization - change in self-awareness such that the person feels unreal, detached from his or her body, and/or unable to feel emotion
- derealization -– feeling that the world/outer environment is unreal
Cognition
- level of consciousness
- orientation: time, place, person
- memory: immediate, recent, remote
- global evaluation of intellect (below average, average, above average)
- intellectual functions: attention, concentration, calculation, abstraction (proverb interpretation, similarities test), language, communication
Insight
- patient’s ability to realize that he or she has a physical or mental illness and to understand its implications
Judgment
- ability to understand relationships between facts and draw conclusions that determine one’s action
Clinical Pearl
Cognitive Assessment : Use Folstein Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) to assess:
- - Orientation (time and place)
- - Memory (immediate and delayed recall)
- - Attention and Concentration
- - Language (comprehension, reading, writing, repetition, naming)
- - Spacial ability (intersecting pentagons)
Gross screen for cognitive dysfunction: Total score is out of 30; <24 abnormal 20-24 mild, 10-19 moderate, <10 severe
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