“ Vitamin C deficiency causes abnormal collagen and bone development and bleeding diathesis. Vitamin C is required by osteoblasts to lay dow...
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Vitamin C deficiency causes abnormal collagen and bone development and bleeding diathesis. Vitamin C is required by osteoblasts to lay down bone matrix; without it, osteoclast resorption stops, although chondrocytes continue to lay down calcification. It does not develop before 4 months of age due to maternal vitamin C levels.
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• Earliest signs seen at the knees.
• Ground-glass osteoporosis is characteristic of scurvy (it is often the only sign in adults).
• Sclerosis of the margins of the epiphysis (Wimberger sign) with loss of epiphyseal density.
• Metaphyseal spurs (Pelcan spurs).
• Dense metaphyseal lines (white lines of Frankel) due to a dense zone of provisional calcification.
• Trummerfield zone is a radiolucent zone on the diaphyseal side of the Frankel line.
• ‘Pencil point’ cortical thinning.
• Corner fractures (Parkes corner sign).
• Exuberant periosteal reaction (secondary to recurrent periosteal bleeding).
• Haemarthorosis.
• ‘Hair on end’ appearance of the skull vault.
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